Economics

Economics is the social science that studies how individuals, businesses, governments, and societies make choices about allocating scarce resources. It examines the production, distribution, and consumption of goods and services to understand how economies function. Economics is broadly divided into two main branches: microeconomics, which focuses on the behavior of individual agents such as households and firms, and macroeconomics, which looks at the economy as a whole, including factors like inflation, unemployment, and economic growth. The discipline analyzes various systems, policies, and phenomena to evaluate efficiency, equity, and the trade-offs involved in decision-making.