Public policy refers to the principles and actions adopted or proposed by governmental entities to address societal issues. It encompasses the decisions and laws made by governments at various levels—local, state, and national—in response to public needs and problems. Public policy aims to achieve specific goals, such as enhancing public welfare, ensuring justice, and promoting social order through regulation, funding, and initiatives.
The process of public policy involves problem identification, agenda-setting, formulation of policy options, implementation, and evaluation of outcomes. Public policies can cover a wide array of areas, including healthcare, education, environmental protection, economic development, and social welfare. They are shaped by factors such as public opinion, political ideologies, interest groups, and economic conditions.
Ultimately, public policy acts as a framework guiding government actions and serves to translate societal values and priorities into actionable strategies.